Introduction
To understand this universe, we have divided physics into three parts namely Classical Physics, Quantum Physics, and Modern Physics.
In classical physics, we find this world very simple because we can forecast the behavior of any object by its past behavior. Or by studying its present state, we can tell what happened to it in the past. For example, if we know at what speed the Earth revolves around the Sun, then we can easily tell where it was two years before.
If we talk about quantum physics then it changes the way we look at the world. In this, we study about microscopic particles like electrons and protons, etc. Here we can not tell the result of any experiment first, even if we have been doing the same experiment, again and again, we have seen with the help of quantum physics that quantum particles can be more than one place at the same time and it can also do more than one thing at Same time, which we find impossible in the common world. We cannot even imagine that we can exist in many places at the same time. This is the reason that the laws of classical physics do not work in quantum physics, and on the basis of quantum physics, we cannot see this visible world. No matter how strange quantum physics is, some scientists believe that we can understand the real world from this.
Through this article, we will know about a thought experiment. Through which a physicist Schrödinger's tried to show how strange and funny the laws of quantum physics are, in the context of larger objects. We named this experiment Schrödinger's cat equation.
The Schrödinger's Cat
Many experiments of quantum physics have proved that until we observe the quantum particle, they are present in all their states at one time which is called superposition state. When our equipment observes these particles, their wave function collapses after which they choose any one of all possible states. Our equipment is able to see only those states which we call results. That is, we cannot tell in advance what the result of the experiment will be. If this is true, then large objects such as humans, cars, airplanes, etc. should be applied to all because they are also made of quantum particles. But we know that this does not happen. For example, a train that may have either stopped or been moving at one time. Have you seen any such vehicle which is stopped and running at the same time? Well, obviously not!
Schrödinger did not digest this at all and later he resorted to a thought experiment called the Schrödinger's Cat equation.
Understanding The Schrödinger's Cat concept.
If a cat is locked in a box and a small box of poison is kept in that box. Then, can we be sure that the cat is alive or the cat is dead? Here Schrodinger wants to explain that without opening the box we cannot find the state of that cat. And as soon as we open the box we get one state from both of those states(alive or dead). If the cat came out alive then it was one of the two possibilities, which is now a fact and it may be also that even if the cat was dead, it would be one of the two possibilities. The cat cannot be both dead and alive simultaneously.
According to another scientist Werner Heisenberg who gave the Heisenberg Uncertainty principle, when we observe QUANTUM MATTER then we affect the behavior of that matter. This means we cannot get the exact information of that Matter, we cannot find its exact position and its rotation speed at the same time, either we will get the position right or we will get the correct speed of its rotation. Another scientist Niels Borh said that when we try to know whether the cat is alive or dead, then we affect the behavior of that knowing. In the context of Quantum Particle, When we try to know the exact information of the state, then we break the theory of its superposition as I already said that superposition is the principle in which a particle gives the impression of being in more than one state. This is a bit strange to understand, but he meant to say that as soon as we try to find out the state of the cat, then we choose one of the two possibilities and one possibility also affects the other possibility simply means that till both the states were 50-50. The cat can be alive and dead but when we choose one of the states then one state is 100% and the other is 0%. It means that When we affect one state then it affects the other state as well. Done it The story of the cat is presented in a slightly different way to explain the behavior of QUANTUM PARTICLES.
Many Worlds Theory
Hugh Everett, who presented the concept of a parallel universe, broadly accepted these theories, but he had a problem with what Niel Bohr said. He said that one of the two possibilities does not affect the other. Instead, both of those possibilities are true. He said that whenever there are any two possibilities of a particle, then both of them will be true, the only difference is that even if the cat is found alive in your Universe, then its second possibility is absolutely true that is the cat is dead and this other possibility is not the part of your Universe, it is part of your parallel running Universe. He believed that whenever there is more than one possibility of an event, then the universe breaks into those possibilities to make every possibility come true. A separate universe is created for all the possibilities.
But quantum physics does not work at all in our common sense. Countless experiments have shown that quantum particles behave far beyond our thinking. They behave in such a way that we cannot even imagine in ordinary life
Conclusions
According to Many World Theory, whatever is likely to happen in this world is actually happening somewhere. This means that if Schrödinger's cat was found dead in this universe, it may have been found alive in some other universe. According to this theory, when the box was closed, the cat was in its superposition state, that is, it was alive and dead at that time. But when we open the box, there is a split in this universe, which makes two copies of it, in one of these copies the cat is alive and the other is dead. If this theory is true, its implications will be amazing. Let's see how?
When a universe has more options, the universe makes many copies where everything happens which is likely. In such a situation, there will also be a world where World War Three has taken place. There will also be a world where corona will not be pandemic and there will be a world where aliens invasion has occurred or aliens have become our friends. Whatever, quantum physics is interesting and this world too.
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